Page 187 - THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 9 AND 10 | Canadian and World Studies

was designed as a way for the government to revoke the legal rights and status of First Nations people through the process of enfranchisement. See also enfranchisement.
Great Lakes–St Lawrence Lowlands. The
area that surrounds the lower Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River, including the most densely populated portions of Ontario and Quebec. This area of gently rolling hills and flat plains provides an excellent physical base for agriculture and settlement and is often described as the country’s heartland.
grid. A pattern of lines on a chart or map, such as those representing latitude and longitude, which helps determine absolute location and assists in the analysis of distribution patterns. The term also refers to a coordinate plane that contains an x-axis (horizontal) and a y-axis (vertical) and is used to describe the location of a point. See also scatter graph.
gross domestic product (GDP). The value of all the goods and services produced in a country in one year.
gross national product (GNP). Gross domestic product, minus goods and services produced by foreign-owned businesses operating inside the country, plus goods and services produced by domestic-owned businesses operating outside the country.
groundwater. Water below the surface of the land. Often an aquifer, groundwater can also take the form of underground streams or lakes or be held in pores in the soil. Groundwater is constantly in motion as part of the hydrological cycle. See also aquifer.
habitat. The place where an organism lives and that provides it with the food, water, shelter, and space it needs to survive.
Haudenosaunee Confederacy. The governance structure of the Haudenosaunee that was re-established by Hiawatha and the Peacemaker. It united the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca, and later the Tuscarora,
under the Great Law of Peace to promote harmony and establish roles and responsibilities within the Haudenosaunee nations.
heritage. The legacy passed down from previous generations, including cultural traditions, art, literature, and buildings.
historic Métis communities. Métis communities emerged as a result of the North American fur trade, during which First Nations peoples and European traders forged close economic ties and personal relationships. Over time, many
of the children born of these relationships developed a distinct sense of identity and culture. Within their communities, they shared customs, practices, and a way of life that were distinct from those of their First Nations and European forebears. Métis communities formed along strategic water and trade routes well before the Crown assumed political and legal control of these areas. Many of the communities persevered, and continue to celebrate their distinct identities and histories today, practising their unique culture, traditions, and way of life. These communities are a part of Ontario’s diverse heritage. In 2003, the Supreme Court
of Canada recognized a Métis community
with a communal right to hunt for food in
and around Sault Ste. Marie. This case provides the framework for identifying historic Métis communities in other areas of the province as well as other parts of Canada.
Holocaust. The systematic, state-sponsored persecution and annihilation of European Jewry by the Nazis and their collaborators between 1933 and 1945.
Holodomor. A famine in Ukraine in 1932–33, engineered by the Soviet government under Stalin, during which millions of Ukrainians starved.
House of Commons. See legislature; parliament.
Human Development Index. The results of an annual ranking of countries with respect to life expectancy, educational achievement, standard of living, and other measures of development.
GLOSSARY
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