Page 186 - THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 9 AND 10 | Canadian and World Studies

THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 9 AND 10 | Canadian and World Studies
fair trade. An approach to international trade, with the goal of social and environmental sustainability and fair compensation to producers.
faith keeper. In Haudenosaunee culture, one female and one male relative of the clan mother is appointed as a faith keeper of their clan to promote traditions, language, and ceremonies and to act as a spiritual guide. See also clan mother.
federal system. A system of government in which several political jurisdictions form a unity but retain autonomy in defined areas. The central or national government is called the federal government. Canada has a federal system of government.
fertility rate. The average number of live births for a woman in her childbearing years in the population of a specific area.
field study. A hands-on learning experience in the outdoors. Field studies can be open ended or organized for a specific purpose or inquiry.
First Nations. The term used to refer to the original inhabitants of Canada, except the Inuit. A term that came into common usage in the 1970s to replace the word “Indian”, which many found offensive. The term “First Nation” has been adopted to replace the word “band” in
the names of communities. See also band.
first past the post. A voting system, used in Canada, in which the person with the most votes in a riding wins the seat for that person’s political party. See also proportional representation; voting system.
flow map. A map that shows the movement of objects or people from one location to another. See also map.
flow resource. A resource that is neither renewable nor non-renewable, but must be used when and where it occurs or be lost (e.g., running water, wind, sunlight).
fossil fuel. A non-renewable energy source that is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals (e.g., coal, natural gas, petroleum). See also non-renewable resource.
free trade. Trade, including international and interprovincial trade, where tariffs are not applied to imports, and exports are not subsidized.
genocide. The planned, systematic destruction of a national, racial, political, religious, or ethnic group.
geographic information system (GIS). A technological system that allows for the digital manipulation of spatial data, such as those relating to land use, physical features, and
the impact of disasters. Users of GIS can input data and create and analyse tables, maps, and graphs in order to solve problems relating to
a specific area of land and/or water. See also spatial technologies.
global commons. Earth’s resources, such as the oceans or the atmosphere, that have no political boundaries because they are part of systems that circulate throughout the world.
globalization. A process, accelerated by modern communications technology, that multiplies and strengthens the economic, cultural, and financial interconnections among many regions of the world.
global positioning system (GPS). A navigation and positioning system that uses satellites and receivers to provide highly accurate location coordinates for positions on or above Earth’s surface. See also spatial technologies.
governor general.* The personal representative of the Queen, who acts on her behalf in performing certain duties and responsibilities in the federal jurisdiction.
Gradual Civilization Act. The Act to Encourage the Gradual Civilization of Indian Tribes in this Province, and to Amend the Laws Relating to Indians or the Gradual Enfranchisement Act
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