Page 188 - THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 9 AND 10 | Canadian and World Studies

THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 9 AND 10 | Canadian and World Studies
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human environment. The built features of an area and the interactions among these features and/or between these features and the natural environment. See also built environment.
human rights. Rights that recognize the dignity and worth of every person, and provide for equal rights and opportunities without discrimination, regardless of race, ancestry, place of origin, colour, ethnic origin, citizenship, creed, sex, sexual orientation, age, marital status, family status, disability, or other similar factors.
identity. How one sees oneself within various communities, local to global.
ideology. A set of related beliefs, ideas, and attitudes that characterizes the thinking of a particular group or society.
immigration. The act of coming to a different country or region in order to take up permanent residence.
imperialism. The policy of extending the authority of one country over others by territorial acquisition or by establishing economic and political control over the other nations. See also colonialism.
Indian. Under the Indian Act, “a person who pursuant to this Act is registered as an Indian or is entitled to be registered as an Indian”. However, outside this specific legal purpose for its use, the term is often seen as outdated and offensive, and the term “First Nation” is preferred. See also First Nations.
Indian Act. Federal legislation that regulates Indians and reserves and sets out certain federal government powers and responsibilities towards First Nations and their reserved lands. The first Indian Act was passed in 1876. Since then, the act has undergone numerous amendments, revisions, and re-enactments. See also Indian.
Indian agent. A representative of the federal government who enforced the Indian Act, including provisions relating to land, health care, education, cultural practices, and political structures, in a specific area or district. See also Indian Act.
Indigenous. A term referring to the original peoples of a particular land or region. First Nations (status and non-status), Inuit, and Métis peoples are recognized as the Indigenous peoples of Canada.
Indigenous ecological knowledge (IEK). Deep understanding of and knowledge about the environment that derives from Indigenous peoples’ long histories and experiences on
the land. IEK focuses on sustainable practices, reciprocal relationships between the environment and all living things, and preservation of the environment and its resources for future generations.
indigenous species. A native species – one that originates or naturally occurs in an area.
industrialization. The development of industry, primarily manufacturing, on a very wide scale.
infant mortality rate. The death rate of children between birth and one year of age in a given area, expressed per 1,000 live births.
infographic. A graphic visual representation of information and/or data. It is usually an image with accompanying information or data.
infrastructure. The networks of transportation, communications, education, and other public services that are required to sustain economic and societal activities.
interest group. See stakeholder.
intergenerational trauma. The transmission of the negative consequences of a historical event across generations.
intergovernmental organization. An agency established by a formal agreement between member national governments (e.g., the United Nations, the Commonwealth).
intermediate directions. See cardinal directions.
internment. In the context of Canadian history, the detention, confinement, or incarceration of people, often enemy aliens, under the federal War Measures Act. See also enemy aliens; War Measures Act.