Page 54 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9 and 10: Science, 2008 (revised)

Grade 9, Academic
C1. assess social, environmental, and economic impacts of the use of common elements and compounds, with reference to their physical and chemical properties;
C2. investigate, through inquiry, the physical and chemical properties of common elements and compounds;
C3. demonstrate an understanding of the properties of common elements and compounds, and of the organization of elements in the periodic table.
C1. Relating Science to Technology, Society, and the Environment
C2. Developing Skills of Investigation and Communication
C. Chemistry: Atoms, elements, And Compounds
Overall expectatiOns
By the end of this course, students will:
THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 9 AND 10 | Science
specific expectatiOns
By the end of this course, students will:
C1.1 assess the usefulness of and/or the hazards associated with common elements or compounds in terms of their physical and chemical properties [AI, C]
Sample issue: Polyethylene is a versatile, flexible, and durable compound that is used in a range of products, including toys, plastic bottles, bullet- proof vests, and plastic bags. However, its durability poses problems for the environment because products made from polyethylene are not biodegradable.
Sample questions: What properties of diamonds make them useful in a variety of applications? What property of DDT allows it to continue to accumulate in the fatty tissue of mammals despite its ban by the Canadian government in the 1980s? How do the chemical properties of peroxide make it suitable for use in hair dye? What are the hazards associated with this use?
C1.2 assess social, environmental, and economic impacts of the use of common elements or com- pounds [AI, C]
Sample issue: By reducing the accumulation of ice on roads, road salt makes winter driving safer, decreasing medical and insurance costs associated with motor vehicle accidents. But
the compounds in road salt damage roads and vehicles, pollute water systems, and harm animals and vegetation.
Sample questions: How has the presence of mercury in water bodies in Northern Ontario affected the environment and the lives of Aboriginal people? How does the widespread use of agricultural chemicals in Canada or elsewhere affect the economy, society, and the environment? What are the economic benefits and environmental costs of diamond mining for Northern Canadian communities?
By the end of this course, students will:
C2.1 use appropriate terminology related to atoms, elements, and compounds, including, but not limited to: boiling point, mixtures, particle theory, pure substances, and viscosity [C]
C2.2 conduct an inquiry to identify the physical and chemical properties of common elements and compounds (e.g., magnesium sulfate, water, carbon, copper II) [PR]
C2.3 planandconductaninquiryintotheproperties of common substances found in the laboratory or used in everyday life (e.g., starch, table salt, wax, toothpaste), and distinguish the substan- ces by their physical and chemical properties (e.g., physical properties: hardness, conductivity,
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