Page 117 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 11 and 12: Science, 2008 (revised)

e2.3 conduct an inquiry to determine the value of an equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction (e.g., Keq for iron(III) thiocyanate, Ksp for calcium hydroxide, Ka for acetic acid) [PR, AI]
e2.4 solve problems related to equilibrium by performing calculations involving concentrations of reactants and products (e.g., Keq , Ksp , Ka , pH, pOH, Kp, Kb) [AI]
e2.5 solve problems related to acid–base equilib- rium, using acid–base titration data and the pH at the equivalence point [AI]
E. Understanding Basic Concepts
By the end of this course, students will:
e3.1 explain the concept of dynamic equilibrium, using examples of physical and chemical equilibrium systems (e.g., liquid–vapour equilibrium, weak electrolytes in solution, reversible chemical reactions)
e3.2 explain the concept of chemical equilibrium and how it applies to the concentration of reactants and products in a chemical reaction at equilibrium
e3.3 explain Le Châtelier’s principle and how it applies to changes to a chemical reaction at equilibrium
e3.4 identify common equilibrium constants, including Keq, Ksp, Kw, Ka, Kb, and Kp, and write the expressions for each
e3.5 use the ionization constant of water (Kw) to calculate pH, pOH, [H O+], and [OH–] for
3
chemical reactions
e3.6 explain the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases
e3.7 compare the properties of strong and weak acids, and strong and weak bases, using the concept of dynamic equilibrium
e3.8 describe the chemical characteristics of buffer solutions
CHEMICAL SySTEMS AND EQUILIBRIUM
11
Chemistry
SCH4U