Page 247 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 11 and 12: Science, 2008 (revised)

C2. Developing Skills of Investigation and Communication
By the end of this course, students will:
c2.1 use appropriate terminology relating to chem- ical reactions and chemical products, including, but not limited to: synthesis, decomposition, neu- tralization, polymerization, combustion, single and double displacement, pH, solvent, organic, inorganic, and dilution [C]
c2.2 use an inquiry process to determine how various conditions affect a chemical reaction, by altering the conditions under which a reaction occurs (e.g., temperature, length of time, amount of reactants, pH of a solution), observing the effects of the alterations, and comparing the outcome and final product of each reaction (e.g., make borax slime, then alter the propor- tion of the ingredients and measure the impact on properties of the product) [IP, PR, AI]
c2.3 prepare dilutions using concentrated solu- tions, and observe or measure the changes in properties (e.g., pH, colour, viscosity, density) [PR]
c2.4 safely conduct a chemical reaction in order to produce a common household or consumer product (e.g., taffy, shampoo, toothpaste, nylon, lip balm) [PR]
c2.5 classify various household products on the pH scale, using pH paper, indicator solutions, and/or a pH meter [PR, AI]
c2.6 investigate a variety of consumer products within a given category (e.g., shampoo, window cleaner, disinfectant), focusing on products claiming to be environmentally friendly, and analyse them with respect to selected factors (e.g., cost, effectiveness, impact on the environ- ment) [PR, AI, C]
C. Understanding Basic Concepts
By the end of this course, students will:
c3.1 describe the types of chemical reactions (e.g., synthesis, single displacement, double displace- ment, decomposition, combustion, polymeriza- tion, neutralization) and the signs of chemical change in each
c3.2 explain, in qualitative terms, why some chemical substances mix and others do not (e.g., ethanol and vinegar are both polar and therefore miscible)
c3.3 explain the function of the pH scale and how pH test results are interpreted
c3.4 identify organic and inorganic compounds commonly used in the home and workplace (organic: fats, oils, fuels, common solvents; inorganic: acids and bases, mineral solvents, ammo- nia, baking soda), and compare their properties
CHEMICALS IN CONSUMER PRODUCTS
2
Science
SNC4E