Page 164 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9-12: English As a Second Language and English Literacy Development, 2007

Grade 11E,LDUnLieverls4it,yOPpreenparation
Language Reference Chart – ELD Level 4
Nouns
collective (e.g., team, group, family, crowd) + verb agreement
Numbers
all cardinal and ordinal numbers
Pronouns
indefinite (e.g., some, no, any, every + one)
Verbs
present perfect (e.g., They have just/already left.)
present perfect progressive (e.g., What have you been doing?) modals: could, would, should (e.g., I couldn’t see anything.) conditional: type 1 / probable (e.g., If it rains, we will stay home.) used to (e.g., They used to go to Montreal.)
Adjectives
comparative/superlative with more, most (e.g., more useful, most useful) other, another, each
Adverbs
adjectives + ly (e.g., happily, truly, extremely, beautifully)
Transition words and phrases
in contrast, in conclusion, yet, furthermore conjunctions: before, after, when, then, while
Question forms
“wh”questions with a few different verb tenses (e.g., What was he studying? Why has the music stopped?)
with modals (e.g., Should we take the bus?)
Negation
with a few different verb tenses (e.g., He wasn’t playing soccer. They didn’t bring lunch.)
Prepositions
with a variety of phrasal verbs (e.g., be away, be back, be for, be over, be up; ask about, ask for, ask [someone] in, ask [someone] out)
Sentences
complex, with relative clause (e.g., I like to watch television programs that cover sports events. People who like sports often watch a lot of television.)
indirect speech (e.g., The teacher asked the students to come in.)
Punctuation
colon before a list (e.g., Bring the following items: pen, pencil, and paper.) parentheses (e.g., for additional information)
This chart shows the structures students are expected to learn through work done in all four strands. These structures should be taught in context rather than in isolation (e.g., while writing a science lab report using an outline, students learn how to use comparative and superlative adjectives with more and most). English language learners in the ELD program need reinforcement and repetition of language structures from previous course levels in order to achieve mastery.
I. Grammatical Structures
THEONTARIOCURRICULUM,GRADES9–12 | ESLandELD
II. Conventions of Print
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