Page 500 - THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 11 AND 12 | Canadian and World Studies

Grade 12, College Preparation
B1. Purpose and Processes of Law: explain purposes of law, legal structures and processes, and fundamental principles of justice in Canada (FOCUS ON: Legal Significance)
B2. Development of Law: explain how governments and societal attitudes and values have influenced the development of law in Canada (FOCUS ON: Legal Significance; Continuity and Change)
B3. Law and Diversity: analyse the ability of Canadian law to uphold the rights and accommodate the needs of diverse individuals and groups (FOCUS ON: Legal Significance; Legal Perspective)
THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 11 AND 12 | Canadian and World Studies
SPECIFIC EXPECTATIONS
B1. Purpose and Processes of Law
FOCUS ON: Legal Significance
By the end of this course, students will:
B1.1 explain the purpose of various categories of law (e.g., substantive/procedural, provincial/ federal/international, public/private) and various areas of law (e.g., administrative, constitutional, criminal, tort, contract, employment)
B1.2 explain the relevance of specific areas of law to everyday life (e.g., contract law – relevant to: employment, purchasing goods and services, prenuptial agreements, purchasing property or renting accommodation; family law – relevant to: separation and divorce, child custody issues, wills and inheritance issues; copyright law – relevant to: the downloading and use of music, images, and digital software from the Internet)
Sample questions: “What are some issues in employment or contract law that you might have to deal with in your everyday life? What forms of legal assistance are available to help you deal with them?”
B1.3 describe the legal structures (e.g., different types of courts and tribunals) and processes (e.g., filing necessary documents, time limits, hiring a lawyer for a specific purpose, costs) associated with civil actions, criminal prosecutions, and administrative law proceedings in Canada
Sample question: “What procedures are involved in applying to the Landlord and Tenant Board for help in resolving a dispute about a rental agreement?”
B1.4 explain the relevance of key principles of justice (e.g., equality, equity, judicial independence, the rule of law, due process, the presumption of innocence, open courts) to current legal issues and landmark cases in Canada (e.g., the role
of the Supreme Court of Canada; Roncarelli v. Duplessis, 1959; R. v. Oakes, 1986)
B2. Development of Law
FOCUS ON: Legal Significance; Continuity and Change
By the end of this course, students will:
B2.1 explain how shifting societal attitudes, values, and customs have influenced the development of Canadian law (e.g., laws relating to: the definition of marriage and family, voting rights, environmental conservation and stewardship, race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, language, disability, treaty rights and land claims)
Sample questions: “What societal changes led to the recognition of same-sex marriage? What arguments related to the issue were made by individuals, governments, opposition parties, and interest groups?”
B2.2 describe, with reference to both federal and provincial governments, the division of powers between the three branches of government in Canada that are relevant to law (e.g., executive branch: power to initiate legislation and make judicial appointments; legislative branch: power to initiate, amend, and pass laws; judicial branch: power to interpret, enforce, and strike down or
B. LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OVERALL EXPECTATIONS
By the end of this course, students will:
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