Page 153 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9 and 10: The Arts, 2010

VISUAL ARTS
animation. The process of creating the illusion of movement through a series of images (e.g., drawings, digital images, paper cut-outs, photographs, puppets, sculpted figures) that show slight, progressive changes sequentially in time using various techniques (e.g., claymation, cut-out/collage animation, flipbook, thauma- trope, pixilation, rotoscope, stop motion, digital processes).
appropriation. The taking or borrowing of elements to recontextualize them or create new works. The borrowed elements may include images, forms, or styles from art history or from popular culture, or materials and techniques from non-art contexts (e.g., everyday objects). The audience or viewer may or may not be aware of the intertextuality of the imagery.
assemblage. A three-dimensional work of art that combines a variety of materials such as textiles and found objects or parts of objects.
background. The part of a composition that appears to be farthest from the viewer or behind the other objects.
balance. A principle of design. A feeling of balance results when the elements of design are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically to create the impression of equality in weight or importance or harmony of design and proportion. Forms and figures acquire greater weight the farther away they are positioned from the centre axis of the image.
collage. A form of art in which a variety of materials (e.g., photographs, fabric, found objects, bits and pieces of originally unrelated images including commercial images) are arranged and attached to a flat background, often in combination with painted or drawn areas. Also known as découpage.
colour. An element of design. The particular wavelength of light seen by the eye when an object reflects or emits light. The four character- istics of colour are hue (name), value (lightness
and darkness), intensity (saturation, or amount of pigment), and temperature (warm and cool). See also cool colours; primary colours; second- ary colours; value; warm colours.
composition. The organization of the elements of design in an art work, following principles of design. See also design process; elements of design; principles of design.
contrast. A principle of design. The juxtaposition of different elements of design (e.g., comple- mentary colours such as red and green, textures such as rough and smooth, values such as dark and light) in order to highlight their differences and/or create balance, visual interest, or a focal point.
cool colours. Colours that suggest coolness (e.g., blue, green, purple). Cool colours often appear to recede into the background or distance.
cross-hatching. A drawing technique for shading using numerous crossed sets of parallel lines, and usually resulting in darker values, to create a sense of depth or three-dimensionality on a flat surface. The darker values are created by frequency rather than thickness of line: fewer lines create a light image, while more lines, closely spaced, create a darker image.
The hatching technique can also be used with parallel lines and/or curved lines to follow the shape of the object.
design. See composition.
design process. A problem-solving model that involves the concrete manipulation of images, materials, and technology for the purpose of solving a design problem. The technical design process can be open ended when the student designs all the steps, or it can be teacher directed to varying degrees.
dimension. An object’s extent in space. A two-dimensional object has length and width. A three-dimensional object has length, width, and depth.
GLOSSARY
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