Page 234 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 11 and 12: Technological Education, 2009 (revised)

A. CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND GERONTOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS
OVERALL EXPECTATIONS
By the end of this course, students will:
A1. demonstrate an understanding of the stages of child development and of the aging process in older adults;
A2. identify common diseases and illnesses that affect children and older adults, and explain how their occurrence or transmission can be prevented;
A3. demonstrate an understanding of factors that contribute to the overall health and well-being of children and older adults;
A4. describe various community health and social services for children and older adults;
A5. describe the final stages of life, grieving, and the ways in which children and older adults may
experience loss;
A6. identify various forms of abuse to which children and older adults may be subjected, and describe how society tries to prevent abuse and protect its victims.
SPECIFIC EXPECTATIONS
A1. Stages of Development and Aging
By the end of this course, students will:
A1.1 describe and compare theories of child development (e.g., the theories of Erikson, Freud, Piaget, Vygotsky);
A1.2 describe physical and psychological changes associated with the normal aging process in older adults (e.g., skin and hair changes, slowed tissue repair, reduced mobility, gradual sensory impairment; in some cases, a sense of isolation
or diminished self-worth);
A1.3 identify and assess common myths and false assumptions about early childhood devel- opment and the aging process in older adults (e.g., an infant brain is poorly developed at birth; older adults are unable to learn new skills).
A2. Diseases and Illness Prevention
By the end of this course, students will:
A2.1 identify and describe, on the basis of research, common diseases and illnesses affect- ing children at different stages of development (e.g., newborn: thrush; preschool: conjunctivitis;
school age: chicken pox) and older adults
(e.g., illnesses associated with aging: Alzheimer’s disease, arthritis, heart failure, stroke; infectious diseases: pneumonia, influenza);
A2.2 demonstrate appropriate hand hygiene techniques and explain the importance of hand washing to prevent disease transmission;
A2.3 explain the importance of routine hygienic practices to prevent the transmission of disease (e.g., proper disposal of diapers or incontinence products, changing and handling of bed linens);
A2.4 explain the difference between active and passive immunity, and describe how these two types of immunity are acquired;
A2.5 explain the importance of immunization in preventing the occurrence or spread of disease;
A2.6 summarize, on the basis of research, the recommended vaccination protocol in Ontario (e.g., vaccination against measles, mumps, and rubella [MMR]; diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus [DPT]; influenza; meningitis; pneumococcal infections; varicella) and explain the pros and cons of immunization programs from various perspectives (e.g., personal, societal, religious, cultural, legal).
CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND GERONTOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS
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Child Development and Gerontology
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