Page 390 - Social Sciences Humanities - The Ontario Curriculum Grades 9 to 12 - 2013

THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 9–12 | Social Sciences and Humanities
principles of design. Generally accepted ideas about the qualities that contribute to the effec­ tiveness of the design of an item. Principles of design include, but are not limited to, balance, emphasis, harmony, movement, proportion, repetition, rhythm, unity, and variety.
raw edge. The edge of fabric on which threads become unravelled if not finished.
ribbon shirt. A loose-fitting, long-sleeved shirt that has pieces of coloured fabric sewn onto the garment. Ribbon shirts have become traditional to many First Nations.
scarification. A form of body art in which human skin is scratched, etched, or burned to create patterned scar tissue. Scarification may be done for aesthetic, social, or religious reasons.
seam. The line where two or more layers of fabric are held together with stitches.
seam ripper. A small, sharp tool used to unpick stitches.
serger. A special sewing machine that uses three to five threads instead of the conventional two. Sergers sew a seam while trimming off the edge of the fabric.
social housing. Non-profit rental or cooperative housing usually funded by a government program.
social marketing. The systemic application
of commercial marketing principles, typically used to sell products, with the goal of “selling” ideas, attitudes, and behaviours that would benefit the target audience and/or society.
solar gain. An increase in temperature caused by solar radiation. In energy efficient building design, solar gain should be maximized in the winter and minimized in the summer.
stabilizer. A product that keeps fabric in place during machine embroidery.
subletting. Renting a property that is currently rented by another party.
sweatshop. A factory, usually producing fashion goods, in which employees work for long hours at low wages and in unhealthy and unsafe conditions.
synthetic fibre. A fibre, such as polyester, nylon, or spandex, that is artificially created, often through chemical processes.
tailor’s tack. A loose, looped stitch used to transfer markings to fabric or to mark places where two pieces of fabric are to be joined.
Textile Labelling Act. Canadian federal legislation that regulates labelling on all textile products sold to consumers. The act requires all textile products to have a label indicating the fibre content of the product as well as the name
and address of the producer or importer of the product.
topstitching. A sewing technique in which stitches that are intended to be seen are made on the surface of a fabric or garment.
traffic patterns. In room design, the typical way in which people enter, move around in, and exit a room. Designers consider typical traffic patterns to ensure safe and efficient use of a space.
upcycling. The practice of recycling old or unused goods into something of greater value. The goal is to reduce the use of new raw materials when producing new goods.
work triangle. An aspect of kitchen design, in which the layout of the refrigerator, stove/oven, and sink forms a triangle that allows for efficient movement.
yarmulke. A small, round head covering worn at all times by observant Jewish men. Yarmulkes are also worn by women in some Jewish communities. Also called a kippah.
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