Page 305 - Social Sciences Humanities - The Ontario Curriculum Grades 9 to 12 - 2013

B. ANTHROPOLOGY OVERALL EXPECTATIONS
By the end of this course, students will:
B1. Theories, Perspectives, and Methodologies: demonstrate an understanding of major theories, perspectives, and research methods in anthropology;
B2. Explaining Human Behaviour and Culture: use an anthropological perspective to explain how diverse factors influence and shape human behaviour and culture;
B3. Socialization: use a cultural anthropology perspective to explain patterns of human socialization.
SPECIFIC EXPECTATIONS
By the end of this course, students will:
B1.1 explain the significance of contributions of influential anthropologists (e.g., Noam Chomsky, Charles Darwin, Jane Goodall, the Leakeys, Margaret Mead, Edward Sapir, Marvin Harris, Richard Lee, Biruté Galdikas, Sherry Ortner)
B1.2 outline the key ideas of the major anthropo­ logical schools of thought (e.g., functionalism, structuralism, cultural materialism, feminist anthro­ pology, postmodern or postcolonial anthropology) and explain how they can be used to analyse features of cultural systems
Teacher prompts: “What are some important differences between a feminist and a structuralist approach to studying culture?” “How would a feminist and a structuralist differ in their expla­ nation of the causes of the under-representation of women in politics?” “How would a positivist ethnographer and an ethnographer committed to decolonizing methodologies differ in their approaches? Why are different approaches necessary? What possibilities and limitations does each approach offer? How do you select the appropriate approach for any given research project?”
B1.3 explain significant issues in different areas of anthropology (e.g., linguistic anthropology, physical anthropology, cultural anthropology, forensic anthropology, primatology)
Teacher prompts: “How does language relate
to self-perceptions of identity and others’ per­ ceptions of identity?” “How do the findings of physical anthropologists relate to various theories about the development of human civilization?” “Can observers from one culture avoid bias in studying another culture? How is ‘bias’ different from ‘subject position’? How might a researcher’s subject position inform his or her research and broaden or limit its scope?” “What is cultural relativism, and why is it central to cultural anthropology?” “Are there any cultural univer­ sals or universal taboos?” “How does the study of the behaviour of non-human primates relate to various theories about human behaviour?” “How do the findings of forensic anthropology support or enhance the work of physical and cultural anthropologists?” “How do social media affect culture?”
B1.4 explain the main research methods used for conducting anthropological research (e.g., par­ ticipant observation, oral history, semi-structured interview, ethnography, genealogy, archaeological excavation, decolonizing research methods), and assess critiques of the various methods
Teacher prompts: “Why are surveys and experi­ ments rarely used in anthropological research?” “What is an artefact and why are artefacts
so important in anthropological research?” “What is meant by the term Western gaze,
and why is it a central concept in critiques of anthropological research?”
ANTHROPOLOGY
B1. Theories, Perspectives, and Methodologies
303
Psychology, and Sociology
Introduction to Anthropology,
Research and Inquiry Skills
H HI F S 1 P 0 3 / U2 0