Page 211 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9-12: Health and Physical Education, 2015 - revised

activity, and strengthening them can reduce vulnerability to lower back pain and injury.
culture. The totality of ideas, beliefs, values, knowledge, language, and way of life of a group of people who share a certain historical background.
cyber-bullying. Under the Education Act (s.1.0.0.2), bullying by electronic means, including by “(a) creating a web page or a blog in which the creator assumes the identity of another person;
(b) impersonating another person as the author
of content or messages posted on the Internet; and (c) communicating material electronically
to more than one individual or posting material on a website that may be accessed by one or more individuals.” Cyber-bullying can involve the use of email, cell phones, text messages, and/or social media sites to threaten, harass, embarrass, socially exclude, or damage reputations and friendships. It may include put-downs or insults and can
also involve spreading rumours; sharing private information, photos, or videos; or threatening
to harm someone. Cyber-bullying is always aggressive and hurtful. (Refer to Bullying –
We Can All Help Stop It: A Guide for Parents
of Elementary and Secondary School Students,
at www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/multi/english/ BullyingEN.pdf.)
defence. The practice or role of preventing opponents from scoring. See also offence.
discrimination. Unfair or prejudicial treatment of individuals or groups on the basis of grounds set out in the Ontario Human Rights Code (e.g., race, sexual orientation, disability) or on the basis of other factors. Discrimination, whether intentional or unintentional, has the effect of preventing
or limiting access to opportunities, benefits, or advantages that are available to other members of society. Discrimination may be evident in organizational and institutional structures, policies, procedures, and programs, as well as
in the attitudes and behaviours of individuals.
dynamic balance. A type of stability skill in which core strength is used to maintain balance and control of the body while moving through space. See also stability.
effort awareness. See movement concepts.
epinephrine autoinjector. A syringe used to inject potentially lifesaving epinephrine (adrenaline) into someone who is experiencing anaphylaxis. See also anaphylaxis.
execution. The action phase of movement, which includes the movements prior to producing force, including gathering momentum, and the instant when force is applied to carry out the movement skill. The body is positioned, weight is transferred, and joints work together to produce the action.
See also follow-through, phases of movement, and preparation.
external stimuli affecting movement. Any force outside of the body that can have an impact on an intended movement. External stimuli could include environmental factors such as wind, sun, or temperature. It could also include factors such as music, equipment, or teammates.
fair play. An attitude or way of thinking that is based on the principles of integrity, fairness, and respect and the equitable or impartial treatment of all participants in an activity.
fartlek. A type of interval training that involves both speed and endurance work, used most often with running. The runner varies his or her pace
in an unstructured way throughout an exercise session, alternating between running and jogging, as fast or as slowly as desired. This technique allows the runner to experiment with pace and
to notice and respond to his or her physical experience.
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). A term used to describe a range of disabilities that may affect people whose mothers drank alcohol while they were pregnant. (From Public Health Agency of Canada, “Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder [FASD]: Frequently Asked Questions”, http:// www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/dca-dea/prog-ini/ fasd-etcaf/faq/index-eng.php [accessed January 27, 2015].)
fitness. See health-related fitness and physical fitness.
GLOSSARY
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