Page 185 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9-12: English As a Second Language and English Literacy Development, 2007

subject-specific vocabulary. Vocabulary specific to or most often used in the context of a particular school subject (e.g., equation, axis, and correlate belong to the subject-specific vocabulary of mathematics).
syntax. The predictable structure of a lan- guage and the ways in which words are combined to form phrases, clauses, and sentences. Syntax includes classes of words (e.g., nouns, verbs, adjectives) and their functions (e.g., subject, object). See also cueing systems.
T-chart. A chart that has been divided into two columns, so that the divider looks like the letter T. T-charts are used to compare and contrast information and to analyse similarities and differences.
text. A means of communication that uses words, graphics, sounds, and/or images, in print, oral, visual, or electronic form, to present information and ideas to an audience.
text features. The physical or design char- acteristics of a text that clarify and/or give support to the meaning in the text (e.g., title, headings, subheadings, bold and italic fonts, illustrations). See also conventions.
text form. A category or type of text that has certain defining characteristics. The concept of text forms provides a way for readers and writers to think about the purpose of a text and its intended audience.
think-aloud. An activity in which the teacher (or sometimes a student) describes aloud the thinking process as he or she reads, writes, or solves problems.
think/pair/share. An instructional strategy in which students individually consider an issue or problem and then discuss their ideas with a partner.
tone. A manner of speaking, writing, or creating that reveals the speaker’s, author’s, or creator’s attitude towards a subject and/or audience.
transition words and phrases. Words and phrases that link and/or signal relation- ships between clauses, sentences, or para- graphs. For example, afterwards and in the meantime show relationships with respect to time; in comparison and on the other hand show relationships of similarity and difference.
varieties of English. Different forms of English used by particular groups of English speakers, including regional and social groups, and characterized by dis- tinct vocabularies, pronunciation patterns, and grammatical features.
Venn diagram. A graphic organizer in which sets of things are represented as circles, with the shared characteristics of the sets located in the area where the circles overlap.
visual aid. An object used to relate class- room teaching to real life (e.g., food, clothing, a photograph, an item from school or daily life). See also realia.
voice. The style or character of a piece of writing conveyed through the author’s use of vocabulary, sentence structure, imagery, rhythm, and other elements that contribute to the mood of the piece as a whole.
voiced consonant. A speech sound pro- duced with vibration of the vocal cords; for example, the consonant sound /b/.
voiceless consonant. A speech sound produced without vibration of the vocal cords; for example, the consonant sound /p/.
word pattern. A particular arrangement of components in a group of words that have elements in common with respect to meaning, syntax, spelling, and/or sound;
GLOSSARY
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