Page 154 - The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9-12: English As a Second Language and English Literacy Development, 2007

Grade 11E,LDUnLieverls3it,yOPpreenparation
Language Reference Chart – ELD Level 3
Nouns
count: various irregular forms (e.g., mice, knives, sheep, clothes) compound (e.g., city street, school library, summer holiday) possessive forms (e.g., The girl’s bag. The girls’ bags.)
gerunds for activities and pastimes (e.g., skating, swimming, fishing) ordinal numbers (e.g., first, hundredth)
articles a, an, the, no article
Pronouns
possessive: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs indefinite: some, no, any, every + body/thing
Verbs
past progressive (e.g., She was saying goodbye.)
modals: have to/must/can (e.g., I have to go.)
would like + noun phrase (e.g., We would like more time.) want/start/like + infinitive (e.g., They wanted to go home.)
Adjectives
irregular comparative/superlative (e.g., better/best, worse/worst) of quantity (e.g., a little, a lot of, some of, much, many)
Adverbs
of manner (e.g., quietly, sadly, kindly, carefully)
Transition words and phrases
first of all, secondly, in the beginning, as well, also, in addition, finally conjunctions: as, when, if, while, that
Question forms
inverted word order: verb + subject (e.g., Was he studying? Did she leave?)
Negation
be, do, can in past tenses (e.g., We could not/couldn’t finish on time.) will (e.g., He won’t go to the game.)
Prepositions
with phrasal verbs (e.g., give up, look after, look up, talk over, get along, take off)
Sentences
compound (e.g., She reads magazines, but she doesn’t like novels.) direct speech (e.g.,“Welcome to the school,”said the teacher.)
Punctuation
comma to set off parenthetical clauses (e.g., presenting research information:
Alberta, which has a lot of oil and gas, also has some of the highest mountains in Canada.)
quotation marks for direct speech
apostrophe for possessive forms (e.g., The girl’s bag. The girls’ bags.)
This chart shows the structures students are expected to learn through work done in all four strands. These structures should be taught in context rather than in isolation (e.g., while reading dialogues in narrative texts, students learn how to use quotation marks for direct speech). English language learners in the ELD program need reinforcement and repetition of language structures from previous course levels in order to achieve mastery.
I. Grammatical Structures
THEONTARIOCURRICULUM,GRADES9–12 | ESLandELD
II. Conventions of Print
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