Page 562 - THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 11 AND 12 | Canadian and World Studies

THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 11 AND 12 | Canadian and World Studies
equity. Fair, inclusive, and respectful treatment of all people. Equity does not mean treating all people the same, without regard for individual differences. See also equality.
erosion. The wearing down and carrying away of material from exposed surfaces by water, wind, or ice.
ethnicity. The shared national, ethnocultural, racial, linguistic, and/or religious heritage or background of a group of people, whether or not they live in their country of origin.
evidence, law of. The body of regulations governing statements and other information intended to prove or disprove an alleged fact before a court. In Canada, the law of evidence falls under both federal and provincial legislation and is also affected by common law decisions.
executive branch.* The branch of government that carries out the law; the cabinet and ruling government that sit in the elected chamber (House of Commons/Legislature). Also referred to as “the Queen in Council”. See also branches of government; judicial branch; legislative branch.
factors of production. Economic inputs – land, labour, capital, and entrepreneurship – utilized in the production process.
fair trade. An approach to international trade, with the goal of social and environmental sus- tainability and fair compensation to producers.
federal legislation/federal statutes. Laws (acts) that are created and passed by the Parliament of Canada. Provincial legislation/statutes are created and passed by provincial legislatures.
federal system. A system of government in which several political jurisdictions form a unity but retain autonomy in defined areas. The central
or national government is called the federal government. Canada has a federal system of government.
Fenians. Irish Americans who were part of a secret revolutionary organization, formed in 1857, dedicated to the overthrow of British rule in Ireland. They conducted a series of raids from the United States into Canada between 1866 and 1870.
fertility rate. The average number of live births for a woman in her childbearing years in the population of a specific area.
feudalism. A political and economic system under which the monarch grants land (a fief)
to the nobility (lords) in exchange for homage and military service; serfs (tenant farmers) are obliged to work the land in exchange for military protection, providing the lord with homage, services, and a portion of the harvest. In the Middle Ages, many countries in Europe and Asia were feudal societies. See also seigneurial system.
field study. A hands-on learning experience in the outdoors. Field studies can be open ended or organized for a specific purpose or inquiry.
Filles du Roi. About 800 women sent to the colony of New France by the French government in the latter half of the seventeenth century, to provide wives for male settlers, thus helping to ensure the permanence and stability of the colony.
firm. Any business, including sole proprietorships, partnerships, or corporations.
First Nations. The term used to refer to the original inhabitants of Canada, except the Inuit. A term that came into common usage in the 1970s to replace the word “Indian”, which many found offensive. The term “First Nation” has been adopted to replace the word “band” in the names of communities. See also band.
first past the post. See single member plurality.
flow map. A map that shows the movement of objects or people from one location to another. See also map.
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