Page 456 - THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 11 AND 12 | Canadian and World Studies

Grade 11, University/College Preparation
B1. Legal Principles: explain the role and importance of law and the fundamental principles of justice in Canada (FOCUS ON: Legal Significance)
B2. LegalHeritage:demonstrateanunderstandingofearlylawsandlegalsystemsandtheirrelationship to the Canadian legal system (FOCUS ON: Interrelationships)
B3. Legal Roles and Responsibilities: analyse the role and function of individuals, groups, and governments in Canadian law (FOCUS ON: Legal Significance; Interrelationships; Legal Perspective)
B4. Development of Law: analyse and describe how various social, scientific, and technological factors have influenced and continue to influence the development of Canadian law (FOCUS ON: Legal Significance; Continuity and Change)
THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 11 AND 12 | Canadian and World Studies
SPECIFIC EXPECTATIONS
B1. Legal Principles
FOCUS ON: Legal Significance
By the end of this course, students will:
B1.1 explain categories of law (e.g., public versus private, substantive versus procedural), areas of law (e.g., criminal, constitutional, administrative, tort, family, contract, labour, environmental), and the role of law in Canadian society (e.g., to protect public order; to protect human rights; to resolve disputes; to facilitate orderly change; to protect the environment)
B1.2 explain the fundamental principles of justice in Canada and their significance in the legal system, including the rule of law, parliamentary supremacy, the presumption of innocence, the principle of equality before the law, the right of habeas corpus, elements in establishing degrees of liability (e.g., intent, recklessness, negligence, mens rea, actus reus), and the rule of judicial precedent
B1.3 describe the structure of the Canadian court system, including the function and status of each court within the hierarchy of the legal system
B2. Legal Heritage
FOCUS ON: Interrelationships
By the end of this course, students will:
B2.1 describe how early legal systems (e.g., as reflected in the Code of Hammurabi, Mosaic law, Roman law, First Nations customs, treaties, early adversarial system, Magna Carta) have influenced Canadian law
Sample question: “Influences on Canadian law include the Hammurabic, Mosaic, and Roman legal codes. Which of these three early systems is most strongly reflected in modern Canadian criminal law?”
B2.2 explain the relationship between Roman law and codes of law developed from it (e.g., the Code of Justinian, the Napoleonic Code, the Quebec Civil Code)
B2.3 analyse how legislation of the past (e.g., the Royal Proclamation of 1763; the Quebec Act, 1774; the British North America Act, 1867; the Statute
of Westminster, 1931) influenced Canada’s Constitution (1982)
B. LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OVERALL EXPECTATIONS
By the end of this course, students will:
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