Page 185 - THE ONTARIO CURRICULUM, GRADES 11 AND 12 | Canadian and World Studies

B. SPATIAL GEOGRAPHY: CONCEPTS AND PROCESSES
OVERALL EXPECTATIONS
By the end of this course, students will:
B1. Applying Skills in a Local Context: use a variety of spatial technologies to collect and analyse information and field data for the purpose of assessing local geography and geographic issues (FOCUS ON: Spatial Significance; Geographic Perspective)
B2. Fundamentals of Field Data Collection: demonstrate an understanding of the fundamental concepts and processes associated with the collection and analysis of field data using a variety of spatial technologies (FOCUS ON: Spatial Significance; Patterns and Trends)
B3. Fundamentals of Cartography: describe and use basic mapping conventions, various types of maps, and fundamental concepts of cartography, and apply that knowledge to analyse bias in the construction and use of maps (FOCUS ON: Interrelationships; Geographic Perspective)
SPECIFIC EXPECTATIONS
B1. Applying Skills in a Local Context
FOCUS ON: Spatial Significance; Geographic Perspective
By the end of this course, students will:
B1.1 use various types of maps (e.g., topographic, choropleth, thematic, relief) of different places with similar features to analyse the unique characteristics of such features in their local community or area
Using spatial skills: Students can explore online GIS base maps illustrating various features of their local community or area and describe situations where one would use such a map.
B1.2 design and conduct a structured study, using the geographic inquiry process, to address
a need in their local community or area (e.g., investigate possible locations for a new outdoor sports complex geared towards young adults, investigate the impact of existing industrial development near a protected habitat and river system), and use a variety of spatial technologies to collect and analyse the data (e.g., use GIS to layer themes and data to analyse the locations of chain restaurants in their community, use remote sensing data to identify possible locations of mineral sources or track the spread of an invasive insect)
Sample questions: “What is the best location in our community for a specific business or service, such as a coffee shop, a pizza delivery service, a bank branch, or an ATM?” “Where might there be a need for a sports and recreation facility such as an arena, public beach, marina, baseball diamond, miniature golf course, skateboard park, zip-line or high-ropes course, splash pad, or paintball complex? Why?” “What is the best location for a search-and-rescue or emergency- services headquarters in our community?” “If a business starts a bike- or car-share program in our community, where should the bike or car pickup locations be?”
B1.3 use a variety of spatial technologies to investigate the impact of a real or potential local development project on the surrounding physical geography (e.g., examine aerial photo- graphs to identify existing deforested areas; use remote sensing to identify the glacial features of
a region that need protection; use GIS to study river systems and run-off patterns near a proposed industrial site or to identify hazard-prone areas prior to construction)
Sample questions: “What geographic features might be considered for preservation from development?” “What are the most hazard-prone areas in the proposed subdivision?” “How might the use of remote sensing help in assessing the
SPATIAL GEOGRAPHY: CONCEPTS AND PROCESSES
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Introduction to Spatial Technologies
CGT3O